| English | 1. Perspectives and Representations in Texts • Use perspectives and representations of concepts, identities, groups, times and places in literary and non-literary texts. Focus on how language, medium, style and text structures shape meaning and position audiences.• For harder questions, use unfamiliar stimulus texts, ask students to analyse assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, audience positioning, representation and textual choices.2. Creating Perspectives and Representations • Use writing choices for purpose, audience, context, medium, voice, genre, textual structures, aesthetic features and stylistic devices to shape perspectives and representations.• For harder questions, ask students to identify effective compositional choices, improve a short passage, or evaluate how a writing choice positions an audience. | 1. Language, Identity and Cultural Contexts • Use relationships between language, representation, identity and cultural context. Analyse cultural assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, voice, perspective and audience positioning.• For harder questions, compare how similar concepts are treated in different texts and analyse omissions, inclusions, emphases, privileged perspectives and marginalised perspectives.2. Creating Texts in Cultural Contexts • Use imaginative and analytical text creation in cultural contexts, focusing on voice, audience, purpose, genre, medium, structure, cultural assumptions and values.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate writing choices, reposition an audience, revise a passage, or explain how context shapes meaning. | 1. Conversations about Issues in Texts • Use representations of the same issue in different texts, perspectives, argument, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, audience positioning, persuasive strategies and intertextual connections.• For harder questions, require comparison of perspectives across texts, analysis of how language positions readers/viewers, and evaluation of competing arguments.2. Conversations about Concepts in Texts • Use textual connections around concepts, representations, adaptations, transformations, intertextual links, genre, medium, and meaning-making across texts.• For harder questions, ask students to compare how texts resonate, relate to, challenge or clash with one another through language, form, medium, context and values. | 1. Creative Responses to Literary Texts • Use literary texts as stimulus for imaginative responses. Focus on voice, style, perspective, form, textual structures, aesthetic features, stylistic devices and reimagining perspectives.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate creative choices, identify how a passage transforms a source text, or justify voice, form and perspective decisions.2. Critical Responses to Literary Texts • Use close study of literary texts, personal/social/historical/authorial/cultural context, language, form, structure, aesthetic features, stylistic devices, representation, values and textual significance.• For harder questions, require precise close analysis, interpretation of complex textual choices, evidence selection, and evaluation of how literary texts build shared understandings of human experience. |
| Essential English | 1. Language for Everyday Use • Use practical language in everyday, community, workplace and social contexts. Focus on audience, purpose, context, tone, structure, clarity and functional text interpretation.• For harder questions, ask students to identify the most effective wording, tone, layout or communication choice for a real-world context.2. Creating Practical Texts • Use practical text construction for real-world purpose, audience, layout, medium, tone, clarity, sequencing and editing.• For harder questions, ask students to improve a flawed practical text or justify a communication choice. | 1. Texts and Society • Use media, community, social, workplace and everyday texts. Focus on purpose, audience, main ideas, representation, tone, values and human experiences.• For harder questions, ask students to compare how two accessible texts represent people, communities or issues.2. Responding to Texts • Use supported interpretation, main ideas, tone, audience, purpose, communication choices and accessible evidence-based responses.• For harder questions, ask students to select the strongest evidence or improve a short response. | 1. Applied Communication • Use workplace, community, media and practical communication that influences audiences. Focus on purpose, audience, tone, argument, persuasion, clarity and text features.• For harder questions, ask students to identify persuasive choices or improve communication for a specific audience.2. Understanding Texts • Use practical interpretation of information, purpose, tone, audience, point of view, persuasive features, layout, images and communication choices.• For harder questions, use short multimodal or workplace-style stimuli and ask students to infer purpose and audience positioning. | 1. Real-world Text Applications • Use real-world, media, community and popular culture texts. Focus on representation, audience, purpose, layout, language choices, clarity and communication outcomes.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate how a text represents an idea, person, group or issue.2. Communication Skills • Use effective communication strategies in community, workplace, digital and everyday contexts, including tone, register, structure, sequencing, visuals and clarity.• For harder questions, ask students to choose the most effective communication strategy or revise a practical text. |
| Literature | 1. Ways Literary Texts are Received and Responded To • Use reader response, context, point of view, literary style, aesthetic features, stylistic devices, form, structure and how literary texts are received by different readers or audiences.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate how context and textual choices shape different readings.2. Creating and Analysing Literary Texts • Use close reading, literary features, aesthetic choices, textual evidence, interpretive response, and creative or analytical writing decisions.• For harder questions, ask students to analyse stylistic choices or evaluate a literary writing decision. | 1. Ways Literary Texts Connect with Each Other • Use intertextuality, genre, concepts, context, adaptation, transformation, influence, textual relationships and how texts connect with one another.• For harder questions, compare how texts echo, transform, challenge or reframe each other through form, values, genre and context.2. Interpreting and Writing Intertextual Responses • Use interpretation, analytical writing, creative response, textual evidence, intertextual links, genre and context.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate an intertextual claim, choose stronger evidence, or refine an analytical response. | 1. Language, Culture and Identity in Literary Texts • Use relationships between language, culture and identity in literary texts. Focus on representation of ideas, events and people across texts, contexts, modes and forms.• For harder questions, ask students to analyse how literary texts construct identity, culture, power, belonging or marginalisation.2. Developing Critical and Imaginative Interpretations • Use critical and imaginative interpretation, literary evidence, close reading, form, structure, style, perspective and cultural context.• For harder questions, require nuanced interpretation, evaluation of a literary claim, or analysis of how imaginative choices represent identity. | 1. Dynamic Nature of Literary Interpretation • Use independent exploration, close analysis, aesthetic features, stylistic devices, alternative readings, cultural assumptions, values, attitudes, beliefs and the dynamic nature of interpretation.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate how a text makes multiple interpretations available.2. Independent Critical Response • Use sustained analytical essay writing, independent critical perspective, close evidence, interpretation, structure, cohesion and literary judgement.• For harder questions, require evaluation of a critical argument, evidence selection, or the most effective analytical response. |
| English & Literature Extension | | | 1. Ways of Reading: Theory and Perspectives • Use literary theory, critical perspectives, ways of reading, interpretation, theoretical framing, assumptions, values and extension-level analysis.• For harder questions, ask students to apply a theoretical lens, evaluate a reading, or compare how different perspectives reshape interpretation.2. Reading and Defence • Use extended response reading and defence, theoretical perspective, textual evidence, argument, interpretation and justification.• For harder questions, require evaluation of a defence, stronger evidence selection, or recognition of theoretical assumptions. | 1. Complex Transformation and Defence • Use complex transformation of texts, theoretical framing, creative decisions, defence of transformation, audience positioning, and relationship to source text.• For harder questions, ask students to evaluate transformation choices or identify how theory shapes a transformed text.2. Academic Research Paper • Use academic research, literary theory, independent inquiry, evidence, synthesis, argument, scholarly voice, citation awareness and evaluation of sources.• For harder questions, ask students to refine a research question, evaluate a theoretical approach, or choose stronger evidence for an academic argument. |
